SportLogia
Vol. 18, Broj 1, Decembar 2022.
UTICAJ FIZIČKE AKTIVNOSTI NA PREVENCIJU I BROJ PADOVA KOD STARIJIH OSOBA
Danijel Božić1 i Milan Zelenović2
1Univerzitet u Banjoj Luci, Fakultet fizičkog vaspitanja i sporta,, Bosna i Hercegovina
2Univerzitet u Istočnom Sarajevu, Fakultet fizičkog vaspitanja i sporta,, Bosna i Hercegovina
Stručni članak
doi: 10.5550/sgia.221801.se.bz
Udk: 796.012-053.9
Sažetak
Redovna fizička aktivnost može da donese značajne zdravstvene benefite kod ljudi svih godina, te se potreba za fizičkom aktivnošću ne smanjuje sa brojem godina već je dokazano da ona može produžiti zdraviji i samostalniji život, spriječiti invaliditet i značajno doprinijeti poboljšanju života kod starijih osoba. Pored toga što svaka vrsta fizičke aktivnosti u određenoj mjeri pobošljava motoričke sposobnosti (snagu, koordinaciju, ravnotežu, agilnost, ...), mentalno zdravlje (samopoštovanje, kvalitet života) i umanjuje rizik od kardiovaskularnih i svih drugih uzroka smrti, redovno učestvovanje u vježbanju pospješuje mobilnost i funkcionalnu nezavisnost kod odraslih osoba. Pad je događaj u kojem učesnik bez sopstvene namjere dolazi u ležeći položaj na zemlji ili na nižem nivou. Bez obzira na zdravstveno stanje pojedinca, padovi su povezani sa nedovoljnim kretanjem, smanjenim mogućnostima za izvođenje svakodnevnih aktivnosti (oblačenje, kupanje, kućni poslovi, ...) i rizikom za prijem u ustanove u kojima se vodi briga o nesamostalnim osobama. Artritis, depresija, kognitivna oštećenja, vid, problemi s ravnotežom i neuravnoteženim hodom, smanjenje mišićne mase, kao i prekomjerna upotreba medikamenata povećavaju rizik od pada. Ukupan obim i vrsta fizičke aktinosti potrebna za starije osobe nije baš najbolje definisana. Međutim, može se zaključiti da spoj fizičke aktivnosti (treninzi snage, izdržljivosti, vježbe za razvoj ravnoteže i mobilnosti, ...) i adekvatne ishrane (dovoljan unos esencijalnih amino kiselina/izvora proteina) je od krucijalnog značaja za očuvanje fizičkog stanja, motoričkih sposobnosti i zdravstvenog statusa osoba treće dobi, a samim tim i u prevenciji padova. Cilj ovog rada se ogleda u opisu i pronalaženju najboljih trenažnih programa za prevenciju padova kod starih osoba.
Ključne riječi: program vježbanja, treća dob, padovi
Literatura
Australian Government, The Department of Health. (2008). Australia's Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviour Guidelines. (accesed 25.05.16)
http://www.health.gov.au./internet/main/publishing.nsf/Content/healthpubhlthstrateg-phys-act-guidelines#chba.
Avdic, D., Pecar, D., & Mujic-Skikic, E. (2004). Risk factors of fall in elderly people. Bosnian Journal of Basic Medical Science, 4(4), 71-78.
https://doi.org/10.17305/bjbms.2004.3366
PMid:15629001 PMCid:PMC7245496
Bellafiore, M., Battaglia, G., Bianco, A., Paoli, A., Farina, F., & Palma, A. (2011). Improved postural control after dynamic balance training in older overweight women. Aging Clinical & Experimental Research, 23, 378-385. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03337762
PMid:21084833
Bethancourt, H. J., Rosenberg, D. E., Beatty, T., & Arterburn, D. E. (2014). Barriers to and facilitators of physical activity program use among older adults. Clinical Medicine & Research, 12(1-2), 10-20. https://doi.org/10.3121/cmr.2013.1171
PMid:24415748 PMCid:PMC4453303
Bianco, A., Patti, A., Bellafiore, M., Battaglia, G., Sahin, F. N., Paoli, A., Cataldo, M. C., Mammina, C., & Palma, A. (2014). Group fitness activities for the elderly: an innovative approach to reduce falls and injuries. Aging Clinical & Experimental Research, 26, 147-152.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s40520-013-0144-4
PMid:24057943
Billis, E., Strimpakos, N., Kapreli, E., Sakellari, V., Skelton, D. A., Dontas, I., Ioannou, F., Filon, G., & Gioftos, G. (2011). Cross-cultural validation of the Falls Efficacy Scale International (FES-I) in Greek community-dwelling older adults. Disability & Rehabilitation, 33(19-20), 1776-1784.
https://doi.org/10.3109/09638288.2010.546937
PMid:21219254
Bloem, B. R., Haan, J., Lagaay, A. M., van Beek, W., Wintzen, A. R., & Roos, R. A. (1992). Investigation of gait in elderly subjects over 88 years of age. Journal of Geriatric & Psychiatry Neurology, 5(2), 78-84. https://doi.org/10.1177/002383099200500204
PMid:1590914
Booth, V., Harwood, R., Hood, V., Masud, T., & Logan, P. (2016). Understanding the theoretical underpinning of the exercise component in a fall prevention programme for older adults with mild dementia: a realist review protocol. Systematic Reviews, 5, 119. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13643-016-0212-x
PMid:27435818 PMCid:PMC4952275
Borges, E. G., Cader, S. A., Vale, R. G., Cruz, T. H. P., Carvalho, M. C. A., Dantas, E. H. M. (2012). The effect of ballroom dance on balance and functional autonomy among the isolated elderly. Archives of Gerontology & Geriatrics, 55, 492-496. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.archger.2011.09.004
PMid:22483371
Byrne, N. M., Hills, A. P., Hunter, G. R., Weinsier, R. L., & Schutz, Y. (2005). Metabolic equivalent: one size does not fit all. Journal of Applied Physiology, 99, 1112-1119.
https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00023.2004
PMid:15831804
Campbell, A. J. & Robertson, M. C. (2006). Implementation of multifactorial interventions for fall and fracture prevention. Age Ageing, 35, ii60-ii64.
https://doi.org/10.1093/ageing/afl089
PMid:16926208
Canadian Society for Exercise Physiology. (2012). Canadian Physical Activity Guidelines and Canadian Sedentary Behaviour Guidelines, (accessed 25.05.16) http://www.csep.ca/en/guidelines/get-the-guidelines.
Casas, A. & Izquierdo, M. (2012). Ejercicio físico como intervención eficaz en el anciano frágil. Anales del Sistema Sanitario de Navarra, 35, 69-85. https://doi.org/10.4321/S1137-66272012000100007
PMid:22552129
Cesari, M., Landi, F., Torre, S., Onder, G., Lattanzio, F., & Bernabei, R. (2002). Prevalence and risk factors for falls in an older community-dwelling population. The Journals of Gerontology. Series A, Biological Sciences & Medical Sciences, 57(11), 722-726. https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/57.11.M722
PMid:12403800
Close, J., Ellis, M., Hooper, R., Glucksman, E., Jackson, S., & Swift, C. (1999). Prevention of Falls in the Elderly Trial (PROFET): a randomised controlled trial. Lancet, 53(9147), 93-97. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(98)06119-4
PMid:10023893
Colley, R., Garriguet, D., Janssen, I., Craig, C. L., Clarke, J., & Tremblay, M. S. (2011). Physical activity of Canadian children and youth: accelerometer results from the 2007 to 2009 Canadian Health Measures Survey. Public Health Reports, 22, 1-9.
Cunningham, C., O'Sullivan, R., Caserotti, P., & Tully, M. A. (2020). Consequences of physical inactivity in older adults: A systematic review of reviews and meta-analyses. Scand. Journal of Medicine Science & Sport, 30, 816-827. https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.13616
PMid:32020713
Daley, M. J., & Spinks, W. L. (2000). Exercise, mobility and aging. Sports medicine, 29, 1-2. https://doi.org/10.2165/00007256-200029010-00001
PMid:10688279
Dargent-Molina, P., & Bréart, G. (1995). Epidémiologie des chutes et des traumatismes liés aux chutes chez les aux chutes chez les personnes âgées. Revue d'Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique, 43(1), 72-83.
Davis, M. G., Fox, K. R., Hillsdon, M., Sharp, D. J., Coulson, J. C., & Thompson, J. L. (2011). Objectively measured physical activity in a diverse sample of older urban UK adults. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 43(4), 647-654. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0b013e3181f36196
PMid:20689449
De Labra, C., Guimaraes-Pinheiro, C., Maseda, A., Lorenzo, T., and MillánCalenti, J. C. (2015). Effects of physical exercise interventions in frail older adults: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials. BMC Geriatrics, 15, 154. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-015-0155-4
PMid:26626157 PMCid:PMC4667405
de Vries, N. M., van Ravensberg, C. D., Hobbelen, J. S., Olde Rikkert, M. G., Staal, J. B., & Nijhuis-van der Sanden, M. W. (2012). Effects of physical exercise therapy on mobility, physical functioning, physical activity and quality of life in community-dwelling older adults with impaired mobility, physical disability and/or multi-morbidity: a meta-analysis. Ageing Research Reviews, 11, 136-149.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arr.2011.11.002
PMid:22101330
Department of Health, Physical Activity, Health Improvemen and Protection. (2011). Start Active, Stay Active: A Report on Physical Activity from the Four Home Countries' Chief Medical Officers. (accesed 25.04.16) https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/start-active-stay-active-a-repord-on-physicalactivity-from-the-four-home-countries-chief-medical-officers.
Dionyssiotis, Y. (2008). Hellenic Osteoporosis Foundation. [Exercise for Osteoporosis and Falls Prevention]. Athens: Hellenic Osteoporosis Foundation; Greek.
Dionyssiotis, Y. (2012). Analyzing the problem of falls among older people. International Journal of General Medicine, 5, 805-813.
https://doi.org/10.2147/IJGM.S32651
PMid:23055770 PMCid:PMC3468115
Division of Ageing and Seniors. (2011). Physical activity and older adults from Canada; 2011. Dostupno na: [http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/seniors-aines/indexeng.php] Accessed Aug 1, 2011.
Faraldo-García, A., Santos-Pérez, S., Rossi-Izquierdo, M., Lirola-Delgado, A., Vaamonde-Sánchez-Andrade, I., del-Río-Valeiras, M., & Soto-Varela, A. (2016). Posturographic limits of stability can predict the increased risk of falls in elderly patients with instability? Acta Otolaryngologica, 136, 1125-1129.
https://doi.org/10.1080/00016489.2016.1201591
PMid:27376710
Fernandez-Arguelles, E. L., Rodriguez-Mansilla, J., Antunez, L. E., Garrido-Ardilla, E. M., & Muñoz, R. P. (2014). Effects of dancing on the risk of falling related factors of healthy older adults: a systematic review. Archives of Gerontology & Geriatrics, 60, 1-8.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.archger.2014.10.003
PMid:25456888
Fitzgerald, J. D., Johnson, L., Hire, D. G., Ambrosius, W. T., Anton, S. D., Dodson, J. A., Marsh, A. P., McDermott, M. M., Nocera, J. R., Tudor-Locke, C., White, D. K., Yank, V., Pahor, M., Manini, T. M., & Buford, T. W. (2015). Association of objectively measured physical activity with cardiovascular risk in mobility-limited older adults. Jоurnal of the American Heart Association, 4(2).
https://doi.org/10.1161/JAHA.114.001288
PMid:25696062 PMCid:PMC4345863
Franco, M. (2018). Desempeño ocupacional, bienestar psicológico y sentido de la vida en personas institucionalizadas. Estudio preliminar. Revista de psicologia de la salud, 1, 87-123.
https://doi.org/10.21134/pssa.v6i1.1362
Friedman, S. M., Munoz, B., West, S. K., Rubin, G. S., & Fried, L. P. (2002). Falls and fear of falling: which comes first? A longitudinal prediction model suggests strategies for primary and secondary prevention. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 50, 1329-1335
.https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1532-5415.2002.50352.x
PMid:12164987
Gillespie, L. D., Gillespie, W. J., Robertson, M. C., Lamb. S. E., Cumming, R. G., & Rowe, B. H. (2003). Interventions for preventing falls in elderly people. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 4.
https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD000340
Gillespie, L. D., Robertson, M. C., Gillespie, W. J., Sherrington, C., Gates, S., Clemson, L. M., & Lamb S. E. (2012). Interventions for preventing falls in older people living in the community. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 9.
Gine-Garriga, M., Roque-Figuls, M., Coll-Planas, L., Sitjà-Rabert, M., & Salvà, A. (2014). Physical exercise interventions for improving performance-based measures of physical function in community-dwelling, frail older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Archives of Physical Medication & Rehabilitation, 95, 753-769. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmr.2013.11.007
PMid:24291597
Gobbo, S., Bergamin, M., Sieverdes, J. C., Ermolao, A., & Zaccaria, M. (2014). Effects of exercise on dual-task ability and balance in older adults: a systematic review. Archives of Gerontology & Geriatrics, 58, 177-187. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.archger.2013.10.001
PMid:24188735
Gómez, D., Borba-Pinheiro, C. J., Gois, R., & Da Luz, S. (2015). Efectos de desentrenamiento de 16 semanas sobre la fuerza muscular, flexibilidad y autonomía funcional de mujeres mayores, después de un programa de ejercicios. Rev. Cienc. Act. Físi. UCM, 16, 9-20.
Hauer, K., Becker, C., Lindemann, U., & Beyer, N. (2006). Effectiveness of physical training on motor performance and fall prevention in cognitively impaired older persons: a systematic review. American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, 85(10), 847-857.
https://doi.org/10.1097/01.phm.0000228539.99682.32
PMid:16998433
Hausdorff, J. M., Rios, D. A., & Edelberg, H. K. (2001). Gait variability and fall risk in community-living older adults: a 1-year prospective study. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 82(8), 1050-1056. https://doi.org/10.1053/apmr.2001.24893
PMid:11494184
Heyn, P., Abreu, B. C., & Ottenbacher, K. J. (2004). The effects of exercise training on elderly persons with cognitive impairment and dementia: a meta-analysis. Archives of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitaton, 85(10) 1694-1704. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmr.2004.03.019
PMid:15468033
Horak, F. B. (2006). Postural orientation and equilibrium: what do we need to know about neural control of balance to prevent falls? Age Ageing 35, ii7-ii11.
https://doi.org/10.1093/ageing/afl077
PMid:16926210
Hurtig-Wennlof, A., Hagstromer, M., & Olsson, L. A. (2010). The International Physical Activity Questionnaire modified for the elderly: aspects of validity and feasibility. Public Health Nutrition, 13, 1847-1854. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1368980010000157
PMid:20196910
Izquierdo, M. Cadore, E. L., & Casas, A. (2014). Ejercicio físico en el anciano frágil: Una manera eficaz de prevenir la dependencia. Kronos, 13, 1-14.
Jefferis, B. J., Sartini, C., Ash, S., Lennon, L. T., Wannamethee, S. G., Lee, I. M., & Whincup, P. H. (2015). Trajectories of objectively measured physical activity in free-living older men. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 47(2), 343-349. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000000410
PMid:24988411 PMCid:PMC4281510
Jette, M., Sidney, K., & Blumchen G. (1990). Metabolic equivalents (METS) inexercise testing, exercise prescription, and evaluation of functional capac-ity. Clinical Cardiology, 13, 555-565.
https://doi.org/10.1002/clc.4960130809
PMid:2204507
Kannus, P., Sievänen, H., Palvanen, M., Järvinen, T., & Parkkari, J. (2005). Prevention of falls and consequent injuries in elderly people. Lancet, 366, 1885-1893.
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(05)67604-0
PMid:16310556
Kearney, F. C., Harwood, R. H., Gladman, J. R., Lincoln, N., & Masud, T. (2013). The relationship between executive function and falls and gait abnormalities in older adults: a systematic review. Dementia & Geriatric Cognitive Disorders, 36, 20-35.
https://doi.org/10.1159/000350031
PMid:23712088
Kendrick, D., Kumar, A., Carpenter, H., et al. (2014). Exercise for reducing fear of falling in older people living in the community. Cochrane Database of System Reviews, 11.
https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD009848.pub2
PMid:25432016 PMCid:PMC7388865
Laredo-Aguilera, J. A., Carmona-Torres, J. M., & Mota-Cátedra, G. (2017). El envejecimiento activo: La importancia de la actividad física en las personas mayores. Estudio de revisión narrativa. TRANCES Rev. Transm. Conoc. Educ. Salud, 9, 143-166.
Lee, I. M., & Paffenbarger, R. S., Jr. (2000). Associations of light, moderate and vigorous intensity physical activity with longevity. American Journal of Epidemiology, 151(3), 293-299.
https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a010205
PMid:10670554
Leipzig, R. M., Cummin, R. G., & Tineti, M. E. (1999). Drugs and falls in older people: a systematic review and meta-analysis: I. Psychotropic drugs. Journal of the American Geriatric Society, 47(1), 30-39.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-5415.1999.tb01898.x
PMid:9920227
Leipzig, R. M., Cummin, R. G., & Tineti, M. E. (1999). Drugs and falls in older people: a systematic review and meta-analysis: II. Cardiac and analgesic drugs. Journal of the American Geriatric Society, 47(1), 40-50. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-5415.1999.tb01899.x
PMid:9920228
Lips, P. (1997). Epidemiology and predictors of fractures associated with osteoporosis. The American Journal of Medicine, 103(2A), 3S-8S. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0002-9343(97)90021-8
Lord, S. R., Menz, H. B., & Tiedemann, A. (2003). A physiological profile approach to falls risk assessment and prevention. Physical Therapy, 83(3), 237-252. https://doi.org/10.1093/ptj/83.3.237
PMid:12620088
Lord, S. R., Sherrington, C., Menz, H. B., & Close, J. C. T. (2007). Falls in older people: risk factors and strategies for prevention. Cambridge (United Kingdom): Cambridge University Press.
https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511722233
Lundebjerg, N., Rubenstein, L. Z., Kenny, R. A., Koval, K. J., Martin, F. C., Tinetti, M. E., et al. (2001). Guideline for the prevention of falls in older person. Journal of American Geriatrics Society, 49, 664-672
https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1532-5415.2001.49115.x
Machado, R. L., Bazán, M. A., & Izaguirre, M. (2014). Principales factores de riesgo asociados a las caídas en ancianos del área de salud Guanabo. Medisan, 18, 158-164.
Mañas, A., del Pozo-Cruz, B., García-García, F.J., Guadalupe-Grau, A., & Ara, I. (2017). Role of objectively measured sedentary behaviour in physical performance, frailty and mortality among older adults: A short systematic review. The European Jounal of Sports Science , 17, 940-953.
https://doi.org/10.1080/17461391.2017.1327983
PMid:28532299
Mañas, A., del Pozo-Cruz, B., Guadalupe-Grau, A., Marín-Puyalto, J., Alfaro-Acha, A., Rodríguez-Mañas, L., & Ara, I. (2018). Reallocating Accelerometer-Assessed Sedentary Time to Light or Moderate-to Vigorous-Intensity Physical Activity Reduces Frailty Levels in Older Adults: An Isotemporal Substitution Approach in the TSHA Study. Journal of the American Medical Directors Association, 19, 1-6.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jamda.2017.11.003
PMid:29269096
McPhee, J. S., French, D. P., Jackson, D., Nazroo, J., Pendleton, N., & Degens, H. (2016) Physical activity in older age: Perspectives for healthy ageing and frailty. Biogerontology, 17, 567-580.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10522-016-9641-0
PMid:26936444 PMCid:PMC4889622
Melzer, I., Benjuya, N., & Kaplanski J. (2004). Postural stability in the elderly: a comparison between fallers and non-fallers. Age Ageing, 33, 602-607.
https://doi.org/10.1093/ageing/afh218
PMid:15501837
Melzer, I., Benjuya, N., & Kaplanski, J. (2004). Postural stability in the elderly: a comparison between fallers and non-fallers. Age Ageing, 33, 602-607.
https://doi.org/10.1093/ageing/afh218
PMid:15501837
Michalcova, J., Vasut, K., Airaksinen, M., & Katarina Bielakova, K. (2020). Inclusion of medication-related fall risk in fall risk assessment tool in geriatric care units. BMC Geriatrics, 20, 454.
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-020-01845-9
PMid:33158417 PMCid:PMC7648375
Moreland, J., Richardson, J., Chan, D. H., O'Neill, J., Bellisimo, A., Grum, R. M., & Shanks, L. (2003). Evidence-based guidelines for the secondary prevention of falls in older adults. Gerontology, 49(2), 93-116. https://doi.org/10.1159/000067948
PMid:12574670
Morris, C., Myers, J., Froelicher, V., Kawaguchi, T., Ueshima, K., & Hideg, A. (1993). Nomogram based on metabolic equivalents and age for assess-ing aerobic exercise capacity in men. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 22, 175-182.bz
https://doi.org/10.1016/0735-1097(93)90832-L
PMid:8509539
Morris, M., Osborne, D., Hill, K., Kendig, H., Lundgren-Lindquist, B., Browning, C. et al. (2004). Predisposing factors for occasional and multiple falls in older Australians who live at home. Australian Journal of Physiotherapy, 50(3), 153-159. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0004-9514(14)60153-7
PMid:15482246
Nandy, S., Parsons, S., Cryer, C., Underwood, M., Rashbrook, E., Carter, Y., Eldridge, S., Close, J., Skelton, D., & Taylor, S. (2004). Development and preliminary examination of the predictive validity of the Falls Risk Assessment Tool (FRAT) for use in primary care. Journal of Public Health (Oxford), 26(2), 138-143. https://doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdh132
PMid:15284315
Navas-Enamorado, I., Bernier, M., Brea-Calvo, G., and de Cabo, R. (2017). Influence of anaerobic and aerobic exercise on age-related pathways in skeletal muscle. Ageing Research Reviews, 37, 39-52.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arr.2017.04.005
PMid:28487241 PMCid:PMC5549001
Nelson, M. E., Rejeski, W. J., Blair, S. N., Duncun, P. W., Judge, J. O., King, A. C., Macera, A. C., & Castaneda-Sceppa, C. (2007). Physical activity and public health in older adults: recommendation from the American College of Sports Medicine and the American Heart Association. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 39, 1435-1445. https://doi.org/10.1249/mss.0b013e3180616aa2
PMid:17762378
Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. (2008). Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans, (accessed 25.05.16) http://health.gov/paguidelines/guidelines/older-adults.aspx.
Oliver, D., Papaioannou, A., Giangregorio, L., Thabane, L., Reizgys, K., & Foster, G. (2008). A systematic review and meta-analysis of studies using the Stratify tool for prediction of falls in hospital patients: how well does it work? Age Ageing, 37(6), 621-627.
https://doi.org/10.1093/ageing/afn203
PMid:18829693 PMCid:PMC5104555
Owino, V., Yang, S. Y., & Goldspink, G. (2001). Age-related loss of skeletal muscle function and the inability to express the autocrine form of insulin-like growth factor-1 (MGF) in response to mechanical overload. FEBS Lett, 505, 259-263. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0014-5793(01)02825-3
PMid:11566187
Park, S.-H. (2018). Tools for assessing fall risk in the elderly: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Aging Clinical & Experimental Research, 30, 1-16.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s40520-017-0749-0
PMid:28374345
Patti, А., Bianco, A., Karsten, B., Montalto, M., Battaglia, G., Bellafiore, M., Cassata, D., Scoppa, F., Paoli, A., Iovane, A., Messina, G., & A. Palma. (2017). The effects of physical training without equipment on pain perception and balance in the elderly: A randomized controlled trial. Work, 57, 23-30.
https://doi.org/10.3233/WOR-172539
PMid:28506013 PMCid:PMC5467714
Pavlović, J., Račić, M., Kekuš, D., Despotović, M., Joković, S. & Hadživuković N., (2017). Incidence of falls in the elderly population. Medicinski pregled, 70, 9-10, 277-282.
https://doi.org/10.2298/MPNS1710277P
Peterson, M. J., Giuliani, C., Morey, M. C., Pieper, C. F., Evenson, K. R., Mercer, V., Cohen, H. J., Visser, M., Brach, J. S., Kritchevsky, S. B., Goodpaster, B. H., Rubin, S., Satterfield, S., Newman, A.B., & Simonsick, E. M. (2009). Physical activity as a preventative factor for frailty: the health, aging, and body composition study. Journal of Gerontology. Series A Biological Science & Medical Science, 64(1), 61-68.
https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/gln001
PMid:19164276 PMCid:PMC2913907
Piercy, K. L., Troiano, R. P., Ballard, R. M., Carlson S. A., Fulton, E. F., Galuska, D. A., George S. M., & Olson, R. D. (2018). The Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans. JAMA, 320, 2020-2028.
https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2018.14854
PMid:30418471 PMCid:PMC9582631
Rao, S. S. (2005). Prevention of falls in older patients. Amеrican Family Physician, 72, 81-88.
Reiner, M., Niermann, C., Jekauc, D., & Woll, A. (2013). Long-term health benefits of physical activity-a systematic review of longitudinal studies. BMC Public Health, 13, 813.
https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-13-813
PMid:24010994 PMCid:PMC3847225
Reyes-Ortiz, C. A., Al Snih, S., Loera, J., Ray, L. A., & Markides, K. (2004). Risk factors for falling in older Mexican Americans. Ethnicity & Disease, 14(3), 417-422.
Richardson, J. K. (2017). The confusing circular nature of falls research and a possible antidote. American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitaion, 96, 55-59.
https://doi.org/10.1097/PHM.0000000000000591
PMid:27984251 PMCid:PMC5175410
Robitaille, Y., & O'Loughlin, J. (1990). Épidémiologie de la chute chez les personnes âgées. L'année gérontologique, 145-155.
Rothman, K. J., & Greenland, S. (1998). Modern epidemiology. 2nd Edition. Lippincott-Raven; Philadelphia, 163- 182.
Rubenstein, L. Z. (2006). Falls in older people: epidemiology, risk factors and strategies for prevention. Age Ageing, 35, ii37-ii41.
https://doi.org/10.1093/ageing/afl084
PMid:16926202
Rubenstein, L. Z., & Josephson, K. R. (2002). The epidemiology of falls and syncope. Clinics in Geriatrics Medicine, 18(2), 141-158.
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0749-0690(02)00002-2
PMid:12180240
Rubenstein, L. Z., Powers, C. M., & MacLean, C. H. (2001). Quality indicators for the management and prevention of falls and mobility problems in vulnerable elders. Annals of Internal Medicine, 135(8), 686-693. https://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-135-8_Part_2-200110161-00007
PMid:11601951
Salzman, B. (2010). Gait and balance disorders in older adults. American Family Physician, 82(1), 61-68.
Shad, B. J., Wallis, G., van Loon, L. J., & Thompson, J. L. (2016). Exercise prescription for the older population: The interactions between physical activity, sedentary time, and adequate nutrition in maintaining musculoskeletal health. Maturitas, 93, 78-82.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.maturitas.2016.05.016
PMid:27338978
Sieri, T., & Beretta, G. (2004). Fall risk assessment in very old males and females living in nursing homes. Disability & Rehabilitation 26(12), 718-723.
https://doi.org/10.1080/09638280410001704304
PMid:15204494
Sofi, F., Valecchi, D., Bacci, D., Abbate, R., Gensini, G. F., Casini, A., & Macchi, C. (2011). Physical activity and risk of cognitive decline: a meta-analysis of prospective studies. Journal of International Medicine, 269(1) 107-117. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2796.2010.02281.x
PMid:20831630
Stenhagen, M., Nordell, E., & Elmstahl, S. (2013). Falls in elderly people: a multifactorial analysis of risk markers using data from the Swedish general population study 'Good ageing in Skane'. Aging Clinical & Experimental Research, 25, 59-67. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40520-013-0015-z
PMid:23740634
Sun, F., Norman, I. J., & While, A. E. (2013). Physical activity in older people: a systematic review. BMC Public Health, 13, 449. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-13-449
PMid:23648225 PMCid:PMC3651278
The Health and Social Care Information Centre (2009). Health Survey for England 2008: Physical Activity and Fitness. London: The NHS Information Centre for Health and Social Care. (accessed 25.04.16) http://www.hscic.gov.uk/ pubs/hse08physicalactivity.
Tinetti, M. E., & Williams, C. S. (1998). The effect of falls and fall injuries on functioning in community-dwelling older persons. Journals of Gerontology: Series A, Biological Science & Medical Science, 53(2), M112-M119. https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/53A.2.M112
PMid:9520917
Todd, C., & Skelton, D. (2004). Health Evidence Network. What are the Main Risk Factors for Falls Among Older People and What are the Most Effective Interventions to Prevent These Falls? . Geneva: World Health Organiztion; 2004.
Todd, C., & Skelton, D. (2004). What are the main risk factors for falls among older people and what are the most effective interventions to prevent these falls? . Copenhagen: WHO Regional Office for Europe (Health Evidence Network report), http:// www.euro.who.int/document/E82552.pdf Accessed 27.03.14.
Tornero-Quiñones, I., Sáez-Padilla, J., Díaz, A. E., Robles, M. T. A., & Robles, A. S. (2020). Functional Ability, Frailty and Risk of Falls in the Elderly: Relations with Autonomy in Daily Living. Intеrnational Journal of Environmental Research & Public Health, 17, 1006.
https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17031006
PMid:32033397 PMCid:PMC7037456
Troiano, R. P., Berrigan, D., Dodd, K. W., Masse, L. C., Tilert, T., & McDowell, M. (2008). Physical activity in the United States measured by accelerometer. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 40(1), 181-188. https://doi.org/10.1249/mss.0b013e31815a51b3
PMid:18091006
van Haastregt, J. C., Zijlstra, G. A., van Rossum, E., van Eijk, J. T., & Kempen, G. I. (2008). Feelings of anxiety and symptoms of depression in community-living older persons who avoid activity for fear of falling. The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 16(3), 186-193.
https://doi.org/10.1097/JGP.0b013e3181591c1e
PMid:18310549
Van Holle, V., Van Cauwenberg, J., Van Dyck, D., Deforche, B., Van de Weghe, N., & De Bourdeaudhuij, I. (2014). Relationship between neighborhood walkability and older adults' physical activity: results from the Belgian Environmental Physical Activity Study in Seniors (BEPAS Seniors). International Journal of Behavioal Nutrition & Physical Activity, 11, 110.
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12966-014-0110-3
PMid:25148845 PMCid:PMC4145228
Velasco, R., Bejines, M., Sánchez, R., Mora, A. B., Benítez, V., & García, L. (2015). Envejecimiento y capacidad funcional en adultos mayores institucionalizados del occidente de México. Nure Investigación, 12, 1-11.
Yardley, L., & Smith, H. A. (2002). Prospective study of the relationship between feared consequences of falling and avoidance of activity in community-living older people. Gerontologist, 42(1), 17-23. https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/42.1.17
PMid:11815695
Zelenovic, M., Bozic, D., Bjelica, B., Aksovic, N., Iacob, G. S., & Alempijevic, R. (2021). The effects of physical activity on disease and mortality. International Journal of Sport Culture and Science, 9(2), 255-267.
Zelenovic, M., Kontro, T., Dumitru, R.C., Aksovic, N., Bjelica, B., Alexe, D.I., & Corneliu, D.C. (2022). Leisure-Time Physical Activity and All-Cause Mortality: A Systematic Review. Revista de Psicologia del Depotre (Journal of Sport Phychology), 31(1), 1-16.
Zecevic, A. A., Salmoni, A. W., Speechley, M., et al. (2006). Defining a fall and reasons for falling: comparisons among the views of seniors, health care providers, and the research literature. Gerontologist, 46, 367-376. https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/46.3.367
PMid:16731875
Zhang, X. Y., Shuai, J., & Li, L. P. (2015). Vision and relevant risk factor interventions for preventing falls among older people: a network meta-analysis. Scientific Reports, 5, 10559.
https://doi.org/10.1038/srep10559
PMid:26020415 PMCid:PMC4447164
Citiranje članka:
Božić, D., & Zelenović, M. (2022). Uticaj fizičke aktivnosti na prevenciju i broj padova kod starijih osoba. Sportlogia, 18 (1), 42-56. https://doi.org/10.5550/sgia.221801.se.bz
Primljeno: 25.10.2022.
Odobreno: 02.12.2022.
Korespodencija:
Danijel Božić, MA
Univerzitet u Banjoj Luci, Fakultet fizičkog vaspitanja i sporta
Bulevar Vojvode Petra Bojovića 1a, 78 000 Banja Luka, Bosna i Hercegovina
Tel.: +387 65 216 907; E-mail: danijel.bozic@ffvs.unibl.org
